Maximum undetected-error rates are reduced greatly; overall error rates are increased negligibly (at low error rates).

Bounded-angle iterative decoding is a modified version of conventional iterative decoding, conceived as a means of reducing undetected- error rates for short low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. For a given code, bounded- angle iterative decoding can be implemented by means of a simple modification of the decoder algorithm, without redesigning the code.