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Small Low-Temperature Thermometer With Nanokelvin Resolution

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The magnetic field is generated by permanent magnets instead of a solenoid.

An improved high-resolution thermometer (HRT) for use in scientific experiments at temperatures <4 K has been developed. Like other, previously developed low-temperature HRTs, this device is based on the strong temperature dependence of the magnetization of a paramagnetic salt exposed to a magnetic field. However, in comparison with other paramagnetic-salt HRTs, this one is smaller and less massive; hence, it is denoted "sHRT" — short for "small HRT."

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