A new type of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) was developed that uses electrostatic levitation to provide a more robust system. All cellphones use MEMS switches for wireless communication, but traditionally there are just two electrodes. The switches open and close numerous times during just one hour, but their current lifespan is limited by the two-electrode system.

When the two electrodes come into contact — after several repetitions — the surface of the bottom electrode becomes damaged, leading to a MEMS switch that has to be discarded and replaced. Some researchers have tried to avoid the damage by adding dimples or landing pads to the electrodes to reduce the contact area when the electrodes collide, but this only delays the eventual breakdown of the material.

The new system avoids the damage altogether. Instead of following the two-electrode model, the MEMS switch features three electrodes on the bottom and one electrode parallel to the others. The two bottom electrodes on the right and left side are charged while the middle and top electrodes are grounded. This type of MEMS switch is normally closed, but the side electrodes provide a strong upward force that can overcome the forces between the two middle electrodes and open the switch. This force, called electrostatic levitation, is currently not available with the two-electrode system. The ability to generate this force prevents permanent damage of the device after continuous use and enables a reliable bi-directional switch.

For cellphones, this design means longer life and fewer component replacements. For power lines, this type of MEMS switch would be useful when voltage goes beyond a limit and the switch needs to open. The design allows the use of more reliable switches to monitor unusual spikes in voltage, such as those caused by an earthquake.

For more information, contact John Brhel at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.; 607-777-3280.