Instead of having a battery’s anode and cathode on either side of a nonconducting separator, a new battery would intertwine the two in a self-assembling, 3D gyroidal structure. Thousands of nanoscale pores will be filled with the components necessary for energy storage and delivery.

A rendering of the 3D battery architecture (top; not to scale) with interpenetrating anode (grey, with minus sign), separator (green), and cathode (blue, plus sign), each about 20 nanometers in size. Below are their respective molecular structures. (Image Credit: )

This three-dimensional architecture basically eliminates all losses from dead volume in the battery. Shrinking the dimensions of these interpenetrated domains down to the nanoscale, gives orders of magnitude higher power density. In other words, you can access the energy in much shorter times than what’s usually done with conventional battery architectures.

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