NASA has developed a game-changing deployable aeroshell concept for entry, descent, and landing (EDL) of large science and exploration-class payloads. The Adaptable, Deployable Entry Placement Technology (ADEPT) concept is a mechanically deployable semi-rigid aeroshell entry system capable of achieving low ballistic coefficient during entry suitable for a variety of planetary or Earth return missions. It leverages Ames expertise in Thermal Protection Systems (TPS) material and entry system design, development, and testing. The deployable decelerator systems offer a lighter-weight solution to current rigid, high-ballistic-coefficient aeroshells. The deployable feature of ADEPT allows each mission to utilize an entry system design that fits within existing launch vehicle systems, and later transforms into a low ballistic coefficient configuration for EDL. Consisting of rigid ribs and a TPS, deployment can be done for inspection in Earth orbit by extending the ribs and stretching the TPS in between (in a method similar to an opening umbrella), and thereby reducing the mission risk.

The Mars airplane shown in the stowed configuration.

The technology allows the deployment of a large aerodynamic decelerator relative to the size of its launch vehicle, which is controllable and can be transformed into a landing system. A structure composed of a radial assembly of ribs and struts in a four-bar linkage arrangement fits inside a launch vehicle shroud, expands into a deployed size, and permits rotation about a pivot point along the vehicle axis. The mechanism that deploys the decelerator surface doubles as the actuation/control mechanism, and also serves as the payload surface leveling system. The design permits the use of conformable thermal protection systems at the central part, and a flexible TPS — 3D woven carbon fabric — as skin in the majority of the aeroshell entry system. The fabric handles both the heat and mechanical load generated during entry.

This system is very mass-competitive with other lightweight systems such as inflatable and rigid decelerators, and is believed to be more reliable and testable at sub-scale. Once the payload reaches its destination, the decelerator structure leverages atmospheric drag to slow the craft from hypersonic travel speeds to an appropriate landing velocity. The decelerator can be actuated during descent to generate lift and steer the payload to its intended destination. Retro-propulsion engines provide the final deceleration just before landing, and the decelerator structure is inverted to act as a landing platform and help minimize the impact of landing load.

Potential applications include human and heavy payload Mars missions, robotic missions to Venus and Mars, and small satellite retrieval missions.

NASA is actively seeking licensees to commercialize this technology. Please contact the Technology Partnerships Office at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. to initiate licensing discussions. Follow this link for more information: here .