The Rock Baller is a sample acquisition tool that improves sample retention. The basic elements of the Rock Baller are the tool rotation axis, the hub, the two jaws, and the cutting blades, which are located on each of the jaws. The entire device rotates about the tool rotation axis, which is aligned parallel to the nominal normal direction of the parent rock surface. Both jaws also rotate about the jaw axis, which is perpendicular to the tool rotation axis, at a rate much slower than the rotation about the tool rotation axis. This movement gradually closes the jaws into a nearly continuous hemispherical shell that encloses the sample as it is cut from the parent rock. When required the jaws are opened to release the sample. The hemispherical cutting method eliminates the sample retention problems associated with existing sample acquisition methods that employ conventional cylindrical cutting.
The resulting samples are hemispherical, or nearly hemispherical, and as a result the aspect ratio (sample depth relative to sample radius) is essentially fixed. This fixed sample aspect ratio may be considered a drawback of the Rock Baller method, as samples with a higher aspect ratio (more depth, less width) may be considered more scientifically valuable because such samples would allow for a broader inspection of the geological record. This aspect ratio issue can be ameliorated if the Rock Baller is paired with a device similar to the Rock Abrasion Tool (RAT) used on the Mars Exploration Rovers. The RAT could be used to first grind into the surface of the parent rock, after which the Rock Baller would extract a sample from a depth inside the rock that would not have been possible without first using the RAT.
Other potential applications for
this technology include medical applications such as the removal of tissue samples or tumors from the body, particularly during endoscopic, laparoscopic, or thoracoscopic surgeries.
This work was done by Louis R. Giersch and Paul G. Backes of Caltech for NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. NPO-46293
This Brief includes a Technical Support Package (TSP).
Device Acquires and Retains Rock or Ice Samples
(reference NPO-46293) is currently available for download from the TSP library.
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Overview
The document discusses a novel device developed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) called the Rock Baller, designed for the acquisition and retention of rock and ice samples. This technology is crucial for scientific investigations aimed at enhancing our understanding of various environments throughout the solar system. Traditional sample acquisition methods, such as augers and drills, often struggle with sample retention, leading to difficulties in ensuring that collected samples remain intact during the extraction process.
The Rock Baller addresses this challenge through its innovative spherical cutting mechanism. The device operates by rotating around its tool rotation axis while simultaneously closing its jaws, which allows it to dig deeper into the parent rock and encircle the sample. This dual-action process enables the Rock Baller to acquire and retain the sample in a single operation. Once the sample is secured, the device can be withdrawn, and the jaws can be opened to release the hemispherical sample near an instrument or sample transfer mechanism.
The document also highlights potential commercial applications of the Rock Baller beyond space exploration. One notable application is in the medical field, where the device could be used for the removal of tissue samples or tumors during endoscopic or laparoscopic surgeries. This versatility underscores the broader implications of the technology, suggesting that advancements in aerospace-related developments can have significant benefits in other sectors.
The document is part of NASA's Commercial Technology Program, which aims to disseminate aerospace-related developments that have wider technological, scientific, or commercial applications. It emphasizes the importance of compliance with U.S. export regulations and provides contact information for further inquiries regarding research and technology in this area.
Overall, the Rock Baller represents a significant advancement in sample acquisition technology, with the potential to improve scientific research in space and offer innovative solutions in medical applications. The document serves as a technical support package, providing essential information about the device and its capabilities, while also encouraging collaboration and partnerships through NASA's Innovative Partnerships Program.
