A set of automated planning algorithms is the current operations baseline approach for the Intelligent Payload Module (IPM) of the proposed Hyper spectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) mission. For this operations concept, there are only local (e.g. non-depletable) operations constraints, such as real-time downlink and onboard memory, and the forward sweeping algorithm is optimal for determining which science products should be generated onboard and on ground based on geographical overflights, science priorities, alerts, requests, and onboard and ground processing constraints.
This automated planning approach was developed for the HyspIRI IPM concept. The HyspIRI IPM is proposed to use an X-band Direct Broadcast (DB) capability that would enable data to be delivered to ground stations virtually as it is acquired. However, the HyspIRI VSWIR and TIR instruments will produce approximately 1 Gbps data, while the DB capability is 15 Mbps for a ≈60× oversubscription. In order to address this mismatch, this innovation determines which data to downlink based on both the type of surface the spacecraft is overflying, and the onboard processing of data to detect events. For example, when the spacecraft is overflying Polar Regions, it might downlink a snow/ice product. Additionally, the onboard software will search for thermal signatures indicative of a volcanic event or wild fire and downlink summary information (extent, spectra) when detected, thereby reducing data volume. The planning system described above automatically generated the IPM mission plan based on requested products, the overflight regions, and available resources.
This work was done by Steve A. Chien, David A. McLaren, and Gregg R. Rabideau of Caltech; Daniel Mandl of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; and Jerry Hengemihle of Microtel LLC for NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. NPO-47875
This Brief includes a Technical Support Package (TSP).
Automated Planning of Science Products Based on Nadir Overflights and Alerts for Onboard and Ground Processing
(reference NPO-47875) is currently available for download from the TSP library.
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Overview
The document is a Technical Support Package for "Automated Planning of Science Products Based on Nadir Overflights and Alerts for Onboard and Ground Processing," identified as NPO-47875, published by NASA. It outlines advancements in autonomous operations and onboard processing technologies, particularly in the context of space exploration and satellite missions.
The primary focus of the document is on the development of automated planning systems that enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of scientific data collection from space. This involves the use of onboard processing capabilities to analyze data in real-time, allowing for timely decision-making and adjustments to mission parameters based on immediate observations. The document emphasizes the importance of nadir overflights—when a satellite passes directly over a target area—as critical opportunities for data collection.
Key contributors to this work include experts from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) at the California Institute of Technology, NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, and Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo. Their collaborative efforts aim to leverage innovative technologies to improve the planning and execution of scientific missions, ensuring that valuable data is captured and processed efficiently.
The document also includes technical specifications related to the onboard camera systems used in these missions, such as the Omnivision OV3642 sensors, which feature a 4mm focal length and a pixel diameter of 1.75 micrometers, providing high-resolution imagery essential for scientific analysis. The instantaneous field of view (IFOV) is calculated to be 0.025 degrees, indicating the precision of the imaging system.
Additionally, the document serves as a resource for those interested in the broader implications of these technological advancements, highlighting their potential applications beyond aerospace, including commercial and scientific fields. It encourages further exploration and collaboration through the NASA Innovative Partnerships Program, which aims to foster partnerships that can lead to new technological developments.
Overall, this Technical Support Package encapsulates the ongoing efforts to enhance automated planning and processing in space missions, showcasing the integration of advanced technologies to optimize scientific data collection and analysis. It reflects NASA's commitment to innovation and collaboration in the pursuit of knowledge and exploration of our universe.
