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SAE J2954: Helping Wireless EV Charging Go Mainstream

The SAE J2954 standard establishes an industry-wide specification that defines acceptable criteria for interoperability, electromagnetic compatibility, EMF, minimum performance, safety, and testing for wireless power transfer (WPT) of light-duty plug-in electric vehicles. Watch this video to learn how the standard works and check out demos of the alignment system in action.

Learn more  about SAE's J2954 Standard.

Topics:
Automotive Batteries Electrification Energy Power

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    Transcript

    00:00:00 as we transition the EVS there is one Conant and that is you have to plug in your EV well that's actually changing thanks to the SAE j29 54 wireless charging for light vehicle [Music] standard to learn more about this we headed out to Palm Springs California to talk to Jesse Snider who is the chair of the SAE Wireless power transfer task

    00:00:31 force I am the CEO CTO of a company called Zev station uh and my role at SAE is the chair of the wireless power transfer task force wireless charging what is it mhm uh and essentially it's uh a power transfer over an air gap about 10 in and the idea is um you have a a primary coil in a ground assembly and you have a vehicle assembly with a secondary coil essentially a sender and

    00:01:01 receiver um when it's coupled with a with a capacitor it's called um inductive residence and what's really interesting about this is you can get very high efficiency charging upwards of 93% and above uh with wireless power transfer and um it's very safe there's also object detection there's foreign object detection there's metal object detection to shut things off anything

    00:01:24 when to get in between to see wireless charging alignment in action I here in stut cart Germany at Mal headquarters where I'm going to drive this smart car onto the pad I'm here with Mike bimer we are in the smart EV with the wireless charging setup uh tell me uh what we what are we about to do uh over here we have this car equipped with wireless charging system and uh you have the full

    00:01:53 wireless charging experience this means uh 99% of the experience is the alignment system that is what you see in the car mhm and when you have aligned the car properly then charging process starts automatically cool and and how it'll charge up to 11 Kow exactly which is pretty that's faster than my home charger right now actually so you can freely choose the spot choose what you

    00:02:18 want and when you come closer then you see on the display you're very good now a little to the right maybe just a little and move forward until the rectangle gets smaller and then you are perfectly aligned in the tolerance Zone with the green light you see over here parking lot three parking lot three this means you have the connection with the correct ground

    00:02:41 assembly mhm and uh now the charging process starts and it's been tested you know we tried it out in Idaho National Laboratory TDK National Laboratory and also together with the FDA we've actually done testing with live pacemakers uh we certainly in a laboratory environment so we we're very confident it's uh efficient it's safe um and with this new standard coming out

    00:03:03 we believe it's ready for prime time so we've actually found the uh the consensus between the industry between the the ground uh assembly you know the the manufacturers of of the charges on the ground and and the automakers it took a number of years a number of years to testing and now we have a really reliable way of aligning the vehicle aligning the vehicle to be on top of the

    00:03:26 pads at all times and U that's really exciting for wireless charging we also think it's a step forward also for autonomous vehicles to be able to use that um additional sensing to to to bring the vehicle to the right parking spot it does so reliably which means that you can have a fleet of automated uh taxis that had that know where the spot is know which spot is open it has a

    00:03:52 new type of alignment it's called differential inductive positioning system dips for short and this this new system um it's basically an auxiliary small coil that um through inductance uh you're able to triangulate and find a parking spot every time it Parks it charges that means that that's one less thing to do roadside parking um you have to tear up the road to do that or you

    00:04:16 have to have a pole as you mentioned whereas what we're talking about can be above ground um and can be mounted certainly uh on roadside parking uh relatively easily the the biggest issue is weather you know when there's ice and snow and things like that while in an Ideal World these charging pads will be clear of all obstacles at all times the reality is the real world is difficult

    00:04:40 the real world is chaos let's say you live in New England where there are leaves everywhere during the fall you have wet slimy leaves you can have them on the charging pad no problem or if you live somewhere where it's cold and it snows or you just get sleep and ice on the road also not an issue both of these charging pads will still align with the system and charge I'm here with teamour

    00:05:03 laml from Mal so we're standing next to a vehicle that's parked over ice and the ice is between the wireless charging unit and the vehicle and it can still wirelessly charge even though traditionally when you think electricity and water those don't work out so great but it works Meanwhile we're standing next to a big pile of leaves the same issue it's going to work no problem tell

    00:05:24 me how that can work even though there's this large air gap but my phone I have to slap it right on top of that ke charger in my car how does this work yeah so the systems for the mobile phones are designed especially for small air gaps so lying directly on the pad but uh wireless charging system can also be designed for like in the car with a crown clearance so it's not an issue for

    00:05:48 a magnetic field procedure and that was the reason why we also choose a magnetic field procedure for the alignment because it's completely robust against such environmental conditions like ice or WEA leaves when we come to a parking space with wireless charging we have these components parking sign the ground pad installed on the floor and now let's have a look inside to the interior of

    00:06:11 this pad so we have here the example GA from the SAE J 2954 for the alignment we have a horizontal field coil wounded around the ferite and the ldz wire which generates a magnetic field in wiring direction and we have four vertical field coils which generates a magnetic field above the pad to have the preise alignment inside the tolerance Zone from the car to the CR

    00:06:43 pad so this cross over here is the sensor which evaluates the alignment magnetic fields which come from the ground assembly that the driver has an information about proper aligning the vehicle in the car it is installed in this way the vehicle approaches and then there's the perfect alignment situation in the

    00:07:08 end have this uh Vehicle Assembly ground assembly primary secondary with a coupling capacitor um and and this capacitor um Tunes it to a frequency we've CH chosen a frequency uh band of 85 khz and that allows for you can actually tune it to to a height and we believe that um that with that we have a high what's called coupling factor which means very high efficiency

    00:07:38 we've seen efficiencies um very consistently above 93% towards 95 and up MH and even and the thing is that a magnetic field doesn't really see snow and ice it goes right through it so everything we saw in the smart EV uh would work in say uh like like a Rav 4 or ev9 you know the K ev9 which is a very you know it's a tall vehicle this is one of the basic principles over here

    00:08:05 that uh we make a platform development which works for all kind of vehicles all ground clearances if you have volume cars if we have premium cars if you have Middle Class Cars so this is very important for the industry uh and for the automotive industry uh to make the development lowc cost with a platform development and then it works with all cars that you don't do not need to pick

    00:08:28 uh oh I can only use in one but this is what is not wanted in the automotive industry we want to to cover all the all the all kinds of vehicles so it's not just you and teamore who are working on this wireless charging system correct that's correct we have a whole team uh behind of the system development uh which you can see over here and our team is very working very closely together

    00:08:51 with the SAE j29 54 task force and together with them we got that standard done um there are some companies which are looking at exclusively parking lots and parking structures to to commercialize while it's charging there are a number of automakers that are waiting um and to to commercialize this you probably heard in December Tesla made an announcement on the Cyber truck

    00:09:15 um and C or stantis made an announcement as well so I'm certainly uh there's an O opportunity for many automakers and suppliers to commercialize this right now it's unidirectional uh I will say that the the next Frontier for us is view to grid mhm that's that's something that's coming another year or so but we've already proven it in fact there's some data reports that we're referencing

    00:09:36 in our standard regarding V vehicle to grid and what's what's exciting about that is that you can imagine how do you guarantee if you're talking about a society like in California there's going to be a mandate yeah that you have to do vehicle to grid um how do you besides a conductive charging that you you have in a parking lot how do you how do you guarantee at night time that that people

    00:09:59 who have a garage and have a charger actually plug in and the answer is you won't um so but with wireless charging if there's always sort of a a spot where they're where they're always driving over consistently that enables the potential to increase the vehicle to grid capability of uh of all these electric vehicles so that's another door to open there's one standard worldwide

    00:10:22 so J 2054 has worked together with ISO uh and and other we've talked directly with GB in China with the intention of making a harmonization a priority externally from standardization but also in inside the United States whatever ground assembly that you buy it's forwards compatible the the intention is one ground assembly for all for all vehicle makes we're actually developing

    00:10:48 it all the way up to 500 Kow so there's a there's a guideline out that we published last year as well sa 29 54-2 is for heavy duty and sa 2954 um by itself s is light duty um and we're planning another document that's going to be published another year for for dynamic power uh Wireless power transfer uh sa 2 54-3 and we think that the customers

    00:11:13 will in the beginning it may cost a little more but we're seeing at least the prognosis that over with with the right volume these actually will be on par or less than conductive charging 2054 for us is is the this current standard really is the Starting Gate uh of of the commercialization for electric vehic wireless charging so that's why we we we're happy to talk about it today in

    00:11:41 order for the system to work automakers will have to add that element to their vehicles but considering how it'll reduce the friction of charging especially for fleet vehicles don't be too surprised to see it in the near future for more coverage of EV sustainability batteries and charging be sure to subscribe to SAE International [Music]