A paper presents an algorithm to initialize a formation of N distributed spacecraft in deep space. Such formations will enable variable-baseline interferometers in future NASA missions designed to study the structure and origin of the universe. The algorithm described in the paper reflects some basic assumptions:
- Each spacecraft is capable of omnidirectional radio communication with any other spacecraft,
- Each spacecraft is equipped with a limited field-of-view sensor relative position sensor (RPS) to measure the relative positions and velocities of other formation members, and
- Spacecraft maneuvers must satisfy Sun-angle pointing constraints to shield sensitive optical equipment from direct sunlight.
{ntbad}The formation initialization algorithm proceeds by first dividing the spacecraft into two groups with antiparallel RPS sensor boresights. Next, the spacecraft perform a three-phase (in-plane, out-of-plane, and near-field) sky search involving synchronized maneuvers to ensure full sky coverage while maintaining front-to-front, simultaneous RPS sensor lock. During the sky search, the spacecraft are grouped into two classes of sub-formations. The initialization problem is then reduced to the simpler problem of joining the sub-formations.
The paper includes an analytical proof that the algorithm is guaranteed to initialize the formation as required. This work was done by Scott Ploen, Daniel Scharf, and Fred Hadaegh of Caltech for NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. For more information, download the Technical Support Package (free white paper) at www.techbriefs.com/tsp under the Mechanics/Machinery category.
The software used in this innovation is available for commercial licensing. Please contact Karina Edmonds of the California Institute of Technology at (626) 395-2322. Refer to NPO-43040.
This Brief includes a Technical Support Package (TSP).
Formation-Initialization Algorithm for N Spacecraft
(reference NPO-43040) is currently available for download from the TSP library.
Don't have an account?
Overview
The document is a Technical Support Package from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) concerning the "Formation-Initialization Algorithm for N Spacecraft," designated as NPO-43040. It is part of NASA Tech Briefs, which aim to disseminate aerospace-related technological advancements with potential broader applications in scientific and commercial fields.
The primary focus of this document is the development of an algorithm designed to facilitate the initialization of multiple spacecraft operating in formation, particularly in deep space environments. This algorithm is crucial for missions that require coordinated movements and operations of several spacecraft, enhancing their ability to work together effectively in complex space missions.
The document emphasizes the importance of this technology within the context of NASA's Commercial Technology Program, which seeks to promote the results of aerospace innovations. By making such technologies available, NASA aims to foster partnerships and collaborations that can lead to further advancements in space exploration and related fields.
For those seeking additional information or assistance regarding this technology, the document provides contact details for the Innovative Technology Assets Management office at JPL. This includes a mailing address, telephone number, and email contact, ensuring that interested parties can reach out for further inquiries or support.
It is also important to note that the document includes a disclaimer regarding liability and the use of the information contained within. It clarifies that neither the U.S. Government nor any representatives assume liability for the use of the information, nor do they guarantee that such use will be free from privately owned rights.
In summary, the Technical Support Package outlines a significant innovation in spacecraft technology, specifically the Formation-Initialization Algorithm, which is essential for the effective operation of multiple spacecraft in deep space missions. It serves as a resource for understanding the potential applications of this technology and encourages collaboration within the aerospace community.
