A report describes an emerging class of miniature, highly capable, relatively inexpensive satellites that could be launched rapidly by nontraditional methods. Of particular interest is a subclass of proposed launch-on-demand microsatellites for inspecting and servicing other satellites (targets) already in orbit. A satellite of this subclass would have a mass of ≤30 kg and could be launched, by use of a modified missile system, from a fighter airplane in flight.
This work was done by George Jaivin of Caltech for NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. To obtain a copy of the report, "Novel Missions for Next Generation Microsatellites: The Results of a Joint AFRL/JPL Study," access the Technical Support Package (TSP) free on-line at www.nasatech.com/tsp under the Machinery/Automation category.
NPO-20813
This Brief includes a Technical Support Package (TSP).
Launch-On-Demand Servicing Microsatellites
(reference NPO-20813) is currently available for download from the TSP library.
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Overview
The document presents a technical report on the development of launch-on-demand servicing microsatellites, a new class of miniature satellites designed for rapid deployment and servicing of existing satellites in orbit. Authored by George Jaivin of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) under a contract with NASA, the report outlines the capabilities and operational framework of these innovative microsatellites.
These microsatellites, weighing 30 kg or less, are intended to be launched using nontraditional methods, specifically from modified missile systems deployed from fighter airplanes in flight. This approach allows for quick and flexible launches, addressing the growing need for satellite inspection and servicing in space. The microsatellites are equipped with solid rocket motors for initial launch and onboard guidance systems to ensure accurate insertion into orbit.
Once in orbit, the microsatellites utilize cold-gas thrusters for maneuvering, enabling them to approach their target satellites effectively. There are two primary functions for these microsatellites: inspection and servicing. The inspecting microsatellite is designed to capture images of the target satellite from various angles, transmitting the acquired data back to a ground station for analysis. This capability is crucial for monitoring the health and status of satellites in orbit.
On the other hand, the servicing microsatellite is equipped to dock with a designated servicing port on the target satellite. Its servicing capabilities may include attaching new hardware, replenishing depleted supplies (such as fluids), and transferring data or software. Once the servicing tasks are completed, the microsatellite can remain permanently docked with the target, enhancing the operational lifespan and functionality of the satellite being serviced.
The report emphasizes the potential of these microsatellites to revolutionize satellite maintenance and operations in space, providing a cost-effective and efficient solution for addressing the challenges of aging satellite infrastructure. The work represents a significant advancement in satellite technology, showcasing the innovative efforts of JPL and NASA in exploring new frontiers in space exploration and satellite servicing.
Overall, the document highlights the promising future of launch-on-demand servicing microsatellites, which could play a vital role in maintaining and enhancing the capabilities of satellites in orbit, ultimately contributing to the sustainability of space operations.
