Electromagnetic particle-in-cell (EMPIC) codes provide a capability for numerically simulating the motions of electrically charged particles in electromagnetic fields, and hence have become standard software tools in plasma physics research. Most existing EMPIC codes are based on the use of orthogonal computational grids (Cartesian or cylindrical). The applicability of such codes is restricted to problems with simple geometries.
A new, three-dimensional (3D) EMPIC algorithm using nonorthogonal grids has been developed recently for parallel supercomputers. The algorithm and a computer code that implements this algorithm can be used to study plasma problems involving complex geometries, such as those related to microwave devices.
One prior EMPIC algorithm using nonorthogonal grids is based on a finite-element approach. The present algorithm and code are based on a finite-volume approach. The major features of the present algorithm are the following:
- The building blocks of computational grids are logically connected, nonorthogonal, deformable hexahedral cells. As a result, grids can be made to accommodate complex geometries for large-scale simulations of plasmas.
- The electromagnetic-field-update phase of the computational cycle is based on a discrete-volume generalization of the standard finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm; this formulation makes the algorithm simpler than the corresponding finite-element-based algorithm.
- The particle-push phase of the computational cycle involves a hybrid logical/physical-space operation.
- The implementation of this algorithm uses a domain decomposition of a grid and particles that is almost identical to that of a Cartesian grid based EMPIC algorithm.
The combination of features makes it possible to perform 3D large-scale simulations of plasma physics problems involving complex geometries with a very high parallel-computing efficiency (> 96 percent).
This work was done by Joseph Wang, Paulett Liewer, Dimitri Kondrashov, and Steve Karmesin of Caltech for NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. For further information, access the Technical Support Package (TSP) free on-line at www.nasatech.com/tsp under the Physical Sciences category. NPO-20496
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Parallel 3D EMPIC algorithm using nonorthognal grids
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Overview
The document introduces a novel three-dimensional electromagnetic particle-in-cell (EMPIC) algorithm that employs nonorthogonal grids, specifically designed for parallel supercomputers. This innovative approach addresses the challenges faced in simulating complex geometries in plasma physics, particularly in the context of microwave devices.
The EMPIC algorithm is significant because traditional methods often struggle with the intricacies of nonorthogonal geometries, which are common in real-world applications. By utilizing nonorthogonal grids, the algorithm enhances the accuracy and efficiency of simulations, allowing researchers to model plasma behavior more effectively. This is particularly relevant for applications in microwave technology, where understanding plasma dynamics is crucial for optimizing device performance.
The document outlines the technical aspects of the algorithm, including its mathematical foundations and computational strategies. It emphasizes the algorithm's ability to handle a wide range of plasma phenomena, making it a versatile tool for researchers in the field. The use of parallel computing capabilities allows for the processing of large datasets and complex simulations, which are essential for advancing knowledge in plasma physics.
Additionally, the document discusses the potential applications of the EMPIC algorithm beyond microwave devices, suggesting its relevance in various fields such as astrophysics, fusion research, and space physics. The ability to simulate intricate geometries opens new avenues for research and development, enabling scientists to explore previously unattainable scenarios.
In summary, this document presents a significant advancement in the simulation of plasma physics through the introduction of a three-dimensional EMPIC algorithm with nonorthogonal grids. By leveraging parallel supercomputing, the algorithm enhances the capability to model complex geometries, making it a valuable resource for researchers aiming to deepen their understanding of plasma behavior in various applications. The implications of this work extend beyond microwave devices, potentially impacting a wide range of scientific fields.
