This issue begins a series of four articles that will focus on converting your invention into a revenue-generating business, the critical information you need to gather to get started, and how to put together the two initial documents to gather funding to start your business: financial...

Two documents discuss improvements in traps for removing noncondensable gases (e.g., air) from heat-transfer liquids (e.g., water) in spacecraft cooling systems. Noncondensable gases must be removed because they can interfere with operation. A typical trap includes a cylindrical hydrophobic...

Graded-index-of- refraction dielectric optical microresonators have been proposed as a superior alternative to prior dielectric optical microresonators, which include microspheres (described in several prior NASA Tech Briefs articles) and microtori wherein electromagnetic waves propagate...

An improved photon-emission-microscope (PEM) instrumentation system has been developed for use in diagnosing failure conditions in semiconductor devices, including complex integrated circuits. This system is designed primarily to image areas that emit photons, at wavelengths from 400 to 1,100 nm,...

IntelliWave 5.0 interferometry analysis software from Engineering Synthesis Design (Tucson, AZ) features a new scientific programming language. The automation/client server architecture allows bidirectional communication and data transfer between other programs for industrial systems automation. Wizards provide...

Designed for measuring area illumination, projector output, screen brightness, architecture lighting, room lighting, and color uniformity, Photo Research (Chatsworth, CA) has developed the PR-524 LiteMate illuminance handheld photometer system. The PR-524 features a cosine corrected receptor and measures illuminance. The...