Tech Briefs

A comprehensive library of technical briefs from engineering experts at NASA and major government, university, and commercial laboratories covering all aspects of innovations in electronics, software, photonics, imaging, motion control, automation, sensors, test, materials, manufacturing, mechanical, and mechatronics.

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Briefs: Electronics & Computers
A proposed torque sensor would be capable of operating over the temperature range from 1 to 400 K, whereas a typical commercially available torque sensor is limited to the narrower temperature...
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Briefs: Electronics & Computers
A proposed brushless shaft-angle sensor for use in extreme cold would offer significant advantages over prior such sensors: It would be capable of operating in extreme cold; and Its...
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Briefs: Physical Sciences
Optical Pressure-Temperature Sensor for a Combustion Chamber
A compact sensor for measuring temperature and pressure in a combustion chamber has been proposed. Heretofore, independent measurements of high pressures and temperatures in combustion chambers have not been performed. In the original intended application, the combustion chamber would be...
Briefs: Physical Sciences
An automated ground facility, for vicarious radiometric calibration of airborne and spaceborne sensors of visible and infrared light has been established. In the term “vicarious...
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Briefs: Electronics & Computers
Electronic sensor systems for detecting and locating impacts of rapidly moving particles on spacecraft have been invented. Systems of this type could also be useful on Earth in settings in which the occurrence of...
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Briefs: Semiconductors & ICs
An effort to extend the low-temperature operational limit of supercapacitors is currently underway. At present, commercially available non-aqueous supercapacitors are rated for a minimum operating temperature of...
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Briefs: Semiconductors & ICs
A method of fabricating Bi2–xSbxTe3-based thermoelectric microdevices involves a combination of (1) techniques used previously in the fabrication of integrated circuits...
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Briefs: Test & Measurement
Figure 1 depicts a monolithic microwave integrated-circuit (MMIC) single-stage amplifier containing an InP-based high- electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) plus coplanar-waveguide (CPW)...
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Briefs: Electronics & Computers
A design modification and a fabrication process that implements the modification have been conceived to solve two problems encountered in the development of...
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Briefs: Test & Measurement
Hollow-core, periodic bandgap (HCPBG) flexible waveguides have been proposed as a means of low-loss transmission of electromagnetic signals in the frequency range from about 300 GHz to 30 THz. This...
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Briefs: Manufacturing & Prototyping
An improved method of filling a molding flask with sand and compacting the sand around a refractory- coated foam mold pattern has been developed for incorporation into the lost-foam...
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Briefs: Manufacturing & Prototyping
A nominally stationary tubular probe denoted a telescopic probe has been developed as an improved alternative to a prior movable probe used to evaluate the local degree of compaction of mold...
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Briefs: Materials
Polymer-based composite catholyte structures have been investigated in a continuing effort to increase the charge/ discharge capacities of solid-state lithium thin-film electrochemical...
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Briefs: Materials
Using ALD To Bond CNTs to Substrates and Matrices
Atomic-layer deposition (ALD) has been shown to be effective as a means of coating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with layers of Al2O3 that form strong bonds between the CNTs and the substrates on which the CNTs are grown. It should also be possible to form strong CNT/ substrate bonds using other coating...
Briefs: Materials
Ceramic thermal and environmental barrier coatings (T/EBCs) that contain multiple layers of alternating chemical composition have been developed as improved means of protecting underlying...
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Briefs: Mechanical & Fluid Systems
A variable-structure control system designed to enable a fuselage-heavy airplane to recover from spin has been demonstrated in a hand-launched, instrumented model glider airplane (see...
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Briefs: Mechanical & Fluid Systems
Axial Halbach magnetic bearings have been investigated as part of an effort to develop increasingly reliable noncontact bearings for future high-speed rotary machines that may be used in such applications as...
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Briefs: Mechanical & Fluid Systems
Tool bits that automatically collect powdered rock, permafrost, or other hard material generated in repeated hammering action have been invented. These tool bits are intended primarily for use as...
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Briefs: Medical
Biochips containing arrays of nanoelectrodes based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are being developed as means of ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of specific...
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Briefs: Physical Sciences
The figure is a simplified depiction of a proposed Fourier telescope for imaging in hard-x rays and γ rays. This instrument would contain only one pair of...
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Briefs: Physical Sciences
A bidirectional pressure-regulator system has been devised for use in a regenerative fuel cell system. The bidirectional pressure- regulator acts as a back-pressure regulator as gas flows through the...
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Briefs: Physical Sciences
Neon as a Buffer Gas for a Mercury-Ion Clock
One aspect of the topic of "Compact, Highly Stable Ion Clock" (NPO-43075), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 32, No. 5 (May 2008), page 63, is examined in more detail. To recapitulate: A developmental miniature mercury-ion clock has stability comparable to that of a hydrogen-maser clock. The ion-handling components...
Briefs: Information Technology
Lossless, Multi-Spectral Data Compressor for Improved Compression for Pushbroom-Type Instruments
A low-complexity lossless algorithm for compression of multispectral data has been developed that takes into account pushbroom-type multispectral imagers' properties in order to make the file compression more effective. These types of imagers use a...
Briefs: Photonics/Optics
A prism window has been devised for use, with an autocollimator, in aligning optical components that are (1) required to be oriented parallel to each other and/or at a specified angle of incidence with respect...
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Briefs: Photonics/Optics
NbₓTi₁₋ₓN Superconducting-Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors
Superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) in which NbxTi1–xN (where xerve as the superconducting materials have shown promise as superior alternatives to previously developed SNSPDs in which NbN films serve as the superconducting materials. SNSPDs have potential...
Briefs: Photonics/Optics
Miniature incandescent lamps of a special type have been invented to satisfy a need for compact, rapid-response, rugged, broadband, power-efficient, fiber-optic-coupled light sources for...
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Briefs: Photonics/Optics
This work represents a radical simplification in the design of the optical head needed for high-precision laser ranging applications. The optical head is now a single fiber-optic collimator with...
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Briefs: Information Technology
An improved method of computing positions of objects from digitized images acquired by two or more cameras (see figure) has been developed for use in tracking debris shed by a spacecraft...
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Briefs: Electronics & Computers
A charge-control unit was developed as part of a program to validate Li-ion cells packaged together in batteries for aerospace use. The lithium-ion cell charge- control unit will be useful to...
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